biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Nìmec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 51:177-180, 2007 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-007-0035-7

Effect of NaCl and CaCl2 on growth and contents of minerals, chlorophyll, proline and sugars in the apple rootstock M 4 cultured in vitro

T. E. Sotiropoulos1
1 Pomology Institute, N.AG.RE.F., Naoussa, Greece

The apple (Malus domestica Borkh) rootstock M 4 shoots were grown in vitro for 4 weeks on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing three NaCl concentrations (35, 100 and 200 mM) in combination with two CaCl2 concentrations (5 and 10 mM). Inclusion of 10 mM CaCl2 in the medium, in the presence of 35 mM NaCl, significantly increased the number of shoots and the fresh mass compared to 5 mM CaCl2. The number of shoots, length of shoots, and the fresh mass of cultures were very low in the presence of 100 and 200 mM NaCl, independently of CaCl2 concentration of the medium. By increasing NaCl and CaCl2 concentrations in the culture medium, contents of N, Na, Cl, proline and soluble sugars in plantlets increased, whereas K, Mg, B, Zn and chlorophyll content decreased in comparison to the control.

Keywords: cell proliferation; ion toxicity; micropropagation
Subjects: chlorophyll a,b; growth analysis, plant development, biomass and yield enhancement; in vitro culture, micropropagation, propagation; in vitro culture, regeneration, proliferation, differentiation; nutrient medium, Murashige and Skoog (MS); proline; rootstock; salt injury; sugars

Received: May 23, 2005; Accepted: October 28, 2005; Published: March 1, 2007  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Sotiropoulos, T.E. (2007). Effect of NaCl and CaCl2 on growth and contents of minerals, chlorophyll, proline and sugars in the apple rootstock M 4 cultured in vitro. Biologia plantarum, 51(1), 177-180. doi: 10.1007/s10535-007-0035-7
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Al-Yassin, A.: Influence of salinity on Citrus: a review paper.-J. Cent. Eur. Agr. 5: 263-272, 2004.
    2. Ashraf, M., Parveen, N.: Photosynthetic parameters at the vegetative stage and during grain development of two hexaploid cultivars differing in salt tolerance.-Biol. Plant. 45: 401-407, 2002. Go to original source...
    3. Bernstein, N., Läuchli, A., Silk, W.K.: Kinematics and dynamics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) leaf development at various Na/Ca salinities. I. Elongation.-Plant Physiol. 103: 1107-1114, 1993. Go to original source...
    4. Chinnusamy, V., Jagendorf, A., Zhu, J.: Understanding and improving salt tolerance in plants.-Crop Sci. 45: 437-448, 2005. Go to original source...
    5. Cramer, G.R.: Sodium-calcium interactions under salinity stress.-In: Läuchli, A., Lüttge, U. (ed.): Salinity. Environment-Plants-Molecules. Pp. 205-227. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 2002. Go to original source...
    6. D'Onofrio, C., Morini, S.: Increasing NaCl and CaCl2 concentrations in the growth medium of quince leaves: I. Effects on somatic embryo and root regeneration.-In Vitro cell. dev. Biol. Plant 38: 366-372, 2002. Go to original source...
    7. Epstein, E.: How calcium enhances plant salt tolerance.-Science 40: 1906-1907, 1998. Go to original source...
    8. Flowers, T.J., Hajibagueri, M.A., Clipson, N.C.W.: Halophytes.-Quart. Rev. Biol. 61: 313-337, 1986. Go to original source...
    9. Grattan, S.R., Grieve, C.M.: Salinity-mineral nutrient relations in horticultural crops.-Sci. Hort. 78: 127-157, 1999. Go to original source...
    10. Karimi, G., Ghorbanli, M., Heidari, H., Khavari Nejad, R.A., Assareh, M.H.: The effects of NaCl on growth, water relations, osmolytes and ion content in Kochia prostrata.-Biol. Plant. 49: 301-304, 2005. Go to original source...
    11. Khan, A.A., McNeilly, T., Collins, C.: Accumulation of amino acids, proline, and carbohydrates in response to aluminum and manganese stress in maize.-J. Plant Nutr. 23: 1303-1314, 2000. Go to original source...
    12. Kozlowski, T.T.: Responses of Woody Plants to Flooding and Salinity.-Heron Publishing, Victoria 1997. Go to original source...
    13. Kwon, T., Abe, T., Sasahara, T.: Enhanced saline stress resistance in threonine and methionine overproducing mutant cell line from protoplast culture of rice (Oryza sativa L.).-J. Plant Physiol. 145: 551-556, 1995. Go to original source...
    14. Läuchli, A.: Calcium, salinity and the plasma membrane.-In: Leonard, R.T., Hepler, P.K. (ed.): Calcium in Plant Growth. Pp. 26-35. The American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville 1990.
    15. Marschner, H.: Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants.-Academic Press, London 1995.
    16. Mattioni, C., Lacerenza, N.G., Troccoli, N., De Leonardis, A.M., Di Fonzo, N.: Water and salt stress-induced alterations in proline metabolism of Triticum durum seedlings.-Physiol. Plant. 101: 787-792, 1997. Go to original source...
    17. McKensie, B.D., Leshen, Y.A.: Stress and Stress Croping in Cultivated Plants.-Kluwer Academic Publishers, London 1994.
    18. Murashige, T., Skoog, F.: A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures.-Plant Physiol. 15: 473-497, 1962. Go to original source...
    19. Plummer, D.T.: Practical Biochemistry.-McGraw-Hill, New York 1987.
    20. Rai, V.K.: Role of amino acids in plant responses to stresses.-Biol. Plant. 45: 481-487, 2002. Go to original source...
    21. Rengel, Z.: The role of calcium in salt toxicity.-Plant Cell Environ. 15: 625-632, 1992. Go to original source...
    22. Richards, L.A.: Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils.-In: Agricultural Handbook. Vol. 60. Pp. 157-160. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington 1954. Go to original source...
    23. Roberts, S.K., Tester, M.: Permeation of Ca2+ and monovalent cations through an outwardly rectifying channel in maize root stellar cells.-J. exp. Bot. 48: 839-846, 1997. Go to original source...
    24. Salisbury, F.B., Ross, W.C.: Plant Physiology.-Wadsworth, Inc., Belmont 1992.
    25. Smith, T.K.: Role of calcium in serine transport into tobacco cells.-Plant Physiol. 62: 941-948, 1978. Go to original source...
    26. Subarrao, G.V., Johansen, C., Jana, M.K., Kuman Rao, J.V.: Effects of the sodium/calcium ratio in modifying salinity response of pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan).-J. Plant Physiol. 93: 471-478, 1990. Go to original source...
    27. Wolf, B.: Improvement in the azomethine-H method for the determination of boron.-Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 5: 39-44, 1974. Go to original source...
    28. Yoshiba, Y., Kyiosue, T., Nakashima, K., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., Shinozaki, K.: Regulation of levels of proline as an osmolyte in plants under water stress.-Plant Cell Physiol. 38: 1095-1102, 1997. Go to original source...
    29. Zhu, J., Hasegawa, B., Bressan, R.A.: Molecular aspects of osmotic stress in plants.-Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 16: 253-277, 1997. Go to original source...

    Return to the content